Two Years After Bangladesh's July Revolution: System Change Remains Unfinished
Two years after the July Revolution that ousted authoritarian leader Sheikh Hasina, Bangladesh has undergone a political transition but the promised systemic reforms remain incomplete. The revolution, sparked by civil service quota protests, led to Hasina's flight to India and the installation of an interim government under Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus. A February 2026 general election brought the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) under Tarique Rahman to power, with Jamaat-e-Islami as the main opposition. A referendum on the July National Charter—which proposed limiting the prime minister's tenure, judicial independence, and a 100-member upper house—saw 68% approval. However, the BNP has refused to implement the charter, calling it 'illegal,' and has pursued its own 31-point reform agenda. Student leaders and the National Citizen Party criticize the BNP for political conservatism, describing the revolution as a 'half revolution.' The article highlights ongoing tensions between reformist aspirations and political pragmatism.
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